As Exascale Day (Oct. 18) approaches, we thought it appropriate to post a recent article from Scott Gibson of the Exascale Computing Project (ECP), an overview of the anticipated advances in scientific discovery enabled by exascale-class supercomputers. Much of this research will focus on atomic physics and its impact on such areas as catalysts used in industrial conversion, molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics used to develop new materials for improved medicines, batteries, sensors and computing devices.